| Muscle cramps are often caused by a disturbed balance between magnesium, potassium and calcium. Magnesium is essential for normal muscle metabolism, as neuromuscular coordination and all enzyme reactions in the muscle require a sufficient concentration of magnesium ions. Magnesium deficiency is particularly evident in the form of muscle cramps and hardening and accelerated muscle fatigue. Calcium has many functions as an electrolyte. Muscle contraction is initiated by the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and nerve excitation is initiated by the influx of calcium. A deficiency of potassium also leads to states of exhaustion, muscular weakness and cramps. Since potassium is stored in the muscle together with glycogen, it is particularly needed for replenishing the glycogen stores in the regeneration phase. |
